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Posted on Jul 22 • Updated on Jul 30

Zustand vs Redux: Choosing the Right State Management Library for Your React App

#node #opensource #javascript #react

Introduction to Zustand and Redux

Zustand is a lightweight state management library specifically designed for React applications. Created by the developers behind Jotai and React-spring, Zustand offers a simple and straightforward way to manage global state. It leverages React hooks to provide easy access and updates to the global store. Unlike Redux, Zustand eliminates the need for props drilling or other methods of passing state between components.

On the other hand, Redux is a widely-used state management library that has been a go-to choice for many developers for years. It follows the principles of Flux architecture and provides a predictable state container for JavaScript applications. Redux is known for its robustness, extensive ecosystem, and popularity within the React community.

Simplicity vs Complexity

One of the key differences between Zustand and Redux is their approach to simplicity and complexity. Zustand aims to provide a lightweight and straightforward solution for state management. It has a minimal API surface and is relatively easy to understand and use. Zustand's simplicity makes it a great choice for smaller projects or developers who prefer a more lightweight solution.

On the other hand, Redux is known for its more complex setup and concepts. It has a larger API surface and requires a more structured approach to managing state. Redux's complexity can be attributed to its adherence to strict principles and guidelines, which ensure scalability and maintainability in large applications. If you are working on a complex project or prefer a more structured and opinionated approach, Redux might be the better choice.

State management is a crucial aspect of developing web applications using React. Choosing the right state management library can significantly impact the development process, scalability, and maintainability of your app. In this article, we will compare two popular state management libraries: Zustand and Redux. We will explore their differences and discuss their advantages and disadvantages to help you make an informed decision.

Performance vs Ease of Use

When it comes to performance, Zustand has a slight advantage over Redux. Zustand's minimalistic design and lightweight implementation result in faster state updates and fewer re-renders. Since Zustand leverages React hooks, it integrates seamlessly with the component lifecycle and avoids unnecessary re-renders. This can lead to improved performance, especially in large applications with complex state management requirements.

On the other hand, Redux's performance can be affected by its immutable data flow and the need to dispatch actions to update the state. Redux relies on a diffing algorithm to determine which parts of the state have changed and need to be updated. This process can sometimes be computationally expensive, especially in scenarios with frequent state updates. However, Redux provides middleware like Redux Toolkit that optimizes performance by batching multiple actions together.

Flexibility vs Convention

Zustand and Redux also differ in terms of flexibility and convention. Zustand provides a flexible and unopinionated approach to state management. It allows you to define your own store structure and update functions according to your specific needs. This flexibility enables you to tailor Zustand to your project's requirements and adopt a more customized approach to state management.

On the other hand, Redux follows a more conventional and opinionated approach. It enforces a strict separation of concerns and encourages the use of predefined patterns like reducers and actions. While this convention can be beneficial in large projects with multiple developers, it may feel restrictive for smaller projects or developers who prefer more flexibility.

Tips for Working with Zustand

When working with Zustand, it's important to keep your store structure simple and focused. Avoid nesting too many objects or arrays within the store, as it can make the state management more complex and harder to maintain.
Take advantage of Zustand's ability to create derived stores. Derived stores allow you to compute and memoize derived values from the main store, reducing unnecessary re-computations.
Consider using Zustand's middleware feature to add additional functionality to your store. Middleware can intercept and modify actions, enable logging, or integrate with external libraries.
Use the useEffect hook to subscribe to changes in Zustand's store. This will ensure that your components are updated whenever the relevant state changes, keeping your UI in sync with the global state.

Tips for Working with Redux

Follow Redux's best practices and adhere to its principles. This includes keeping your reducers pure, avoiding side effects within reducers, and separating the logic for handling different actions.
Use Redux Toolkit to simplify your Redux setup and reduce boilerplate code. Redux Toolkit provides a set of utilities and APIs that streamline common Redux workflows and enable a more efficient development process.
Utilize Redux's middleware feature to add additional functionality to your Redux store. Middleware can be used for tasks like logging, handling asynchronous actions, or integrating with external libraries.
Consider using Reselect or Memoize-One to optimize performance when working with Redux. These libraries allow you to create memoized selectors that only recalculate the derived data when the relevant state changes.

IDURAR is Open Source ERP/CRM (Invoice / Inventory / Accounting / HR) Based on Mern Stack (Node.js / Express.js / MongoDb / React.js ) with Ant Design (AntD) and Redux
GitHub Repository: https://github.com/idurar/idurar-erp-crm

Conclusion

Choosing the right state management library for your React app is a critical decision that can significantly impact your development process and app's performance. Zustand and Redux are both powerful options with their own advantages and considerations. Zustand offers simplicity, lightweight implementation, and performance benefits, making it suitable for smaller projects or developers who prefer a more lightweight solution. On the other hand, Redux provides a more structured and opinionated approach, with a larger ecosystem and extensive community support.

Consider the specific needs of your project, your team's familiarity with each library, and your preference for simplicity or convention when making your decision. Both Zustand and Redux have their strengths and can be effective solutions for managing state in your React applications.

Top comments (4)

András Tóth • Jul 28 • Edited

If you want something even simpler but you can live without a cute mascot I highly recommend overmindjs.

This is how it is from real world (simplified and obfuscated):

Usage:

// import or load your text content

function YourComponent() {
    const { app: { language } } = useOvermindState();
    const { app: { loadAppState }} = useOvermindActions();

    useEffect(() => {
        // if the user opened the app just now load the previous state
        loadAppState();
    }, [ /* load dependencies */]);

    return <div>{textContent[language].title}</div> 
}

The state is straightforward and the so are the actions. There a deeper levels than this, but this should be this simple!

// app/state.ts
export type AppState = {
   language: string;
   userId: string | null;
   userPreferences: Preferences | null;
};

export const initialState: AppState = {
   language: 'en-US',
   userId: null,
   userPreferences: null,
};

// app/action.ts
export function loadAppState({ state, effects }: Context) {
   const loadedState = effects.loadStateFromStorage();

   state.app.language = loadedState.language;
   state.app.userId = loadedState.userId;
   state.app.userPreferences = loadedState.userPreferences;
}

You don't need to create () => () => () => anonymous function trainwrecks, no need to have a PhD to call an API endpoint, but if you need it you can have a state machine, you can have operators and so on. Rich API, good developer experiences.

Dilane3 • Jul 26

Good, I appreciate the comparison.

Choosing a state management Library for a React application is not very easy enough 😄😄, and sometimes we are not very comfortable with some solutions...

That's why I decided to develop my own State Management Library 😁 and I called it GX ✨.

It's lightweight like Zustand and has the similar approach like Redux Toolkit.

The documentation is available for those who want to see what's all about: gx.dilane3.com

Taha Ben Masaud • Jul 28

Is redux really complex? How can we objectively measure complexity?

It's hard for me to see how zustand is less complex than redux for global state management. In a real world scenario with several IO operations, redux's principled approach and its fantastic middleware system is way easier than the random way zustand preaches.

But you know these non-logical trends and regressions what keeps most of us employed!

ABIDULLAH786 • Jul 25

Comprehensive and well explained

DEV Community

Zustand vs Redux: Choosing the Right State Management Library for Your React App

Introduction to Zustand and Redux

Simplicity vs Complexity

Performance vs Ease of Use

Flexibility vs Convention

Tips for Working with Zustand

Tips for Working with Redux

Conclusion

Top comments (4)

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